Signs of renal failure in cats are very
non-specific and can be difficult to distinguish from the general signs of
ageing.
The most common signs are :
- Dullness
- Anorexia
- Weight
loss
- Halitosis
( a useful indication of renal disease, however, it is also associated
with dental disease which is very prevalent in older cats )
- A
poor hair coat
- A
stiff gait
- Vomit
( some cats will also vomit due to the build up of waste products within
the blood stream )
Although the loss of the kidney's functional ability is a
slow and gradual process, some cats seem to present with a very sudden onset of
signs. It is likely that these cats have been coping ( compensating ) by an
increase in fluid throughput, enabling them to excrete their waste products over
a larger volume as they are no longer able to concentrate their urine
adequately. Eventually a threshold is reached when they are no longer able to
compensate and clinical signs appear suddenly. The deterioration may be
triggered by a relatively minor event such as a short period of starvation or
vomiting which causes mild dehydration and the diseased kidneys are unable to
cope. Occasionally, cats will present with sudden onset blindness associated
with bleeding into the eye or retinal detachment as a result of hypertension.
Hypertension is commonly associated with renal failure in cats.
Treatments that may be necessary include :
Treatments that may be necessary include :
- Rehydration
- Correction
of blood acidity
- Appetite
stimulation
- Management
of nausea and vomiting
- Treatment
of hypertension
- Treatment
of anemia
- Potassium
supplementation
- Control
of increased blood phosphate levels ( hyperphosphataemia )
- Treatment
of reduced blood calcium ( hypocalcaemia )
- Antibacterial therapy
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