Resuscitation is reanimate
in meaning as a efforts that can be done to prevent cardiac arrestand continue
to become death of biology.
Cardiopulmonary
resuscitation ( CPR ) is procedure of medical emergency condition that be done
on the heart attack and respiratory arrest. CPR is combination of respiration
aid and heart compression that be done to the victim of heart attack.
Indication of
cardiopulmonary resuscitation :
A. Respiratory arrest.
Respiratory arrest can
be caused by many matter, for example stroke attack, poisoning of drug, sink,
inhalation of smoke, obstruksi respiratory be caused by foreign object, pounced
by thunder, stung of electrics, attack of in fark heart , inflammatory of
epiglotis, suffocation, trauma and others. In the early of respiratory arrest,
heart still beat, pulse still felt, given oxygen to brain and other vital organ
enough until few minutes. If respiratory arrest get treatment immediately so
patient will be saved by its life conversely if losing time will cause cardiac
arrest.
B. Cardiac
arrest.Cardiac arrest is not ready pour heart to give requirement of oxygen to
brain and other vital organ suddenly and can be return normal, will cause death
or damage of brain. Cardiac arrest terminal that caused by old age or chronic disease
of course do not including the cardiac arrest. Mostly cardiac arrest caused by
fibrilation of ventrikel or tachicardi without throb, ventrikel of asistol and
disosiasi of electro-mechanic. Fibirilation of ventrikel happened because heart
activity coordination disappear.
The symptom of cardiac
arrest include :
- Pulse of femoralis karotis or radialis do not felt
- Sianosis
- Respiratory arrest ( gasping, apnu)
- Dilatation of pupil do not respond to light stimulus
- Unconscious patient.
Cardiopulmonary
resuscitation be divided became three of phase as follow :
1. Phase I.
Basic life
support that is procedure of emergency treatment overcome obstruksiof
respiratory, respiratory arrest and cardiac arrest, and how to way done of CPR
correctly, include :
Airway : taking care of
respiratory tract remain to be open.
Breathing : ventilate
of pulmonary and oxygenisation that added.
Circulation :
performing artificial circulation with compression of cardiopulmonary.
2. Phase II.
Advance
life support is basic life support that added with as follow :
- Drugs : giving of drugs include therapy of fluid.
- EKG : diagnose by elektrocardiografis as soon as possible after started of advance cardiac surprise, to know what there is fibrilation of ventrikel, asistole or agonal ventricular complexes.
- Fibrillation treatment : action to overcome fibrilation of ventrikel.
3. Phase III.
Prolonged
life support, include :
- Gauge : measurement and inspection for monitoring of patient continually, be assessed, be searched its cause and then cured it.
- Head : action of resuscitation to save nerve systems and brain from damage as a effect of cardiac arrest, so that can be prevented occuring abnormalitas of neurologic that permanent.
- Hipotermi : immediately be done if no repair of center nerve function is at temperature among 30° - 32°C.
- Humanization : have to be remembered if victim that helped is human being having feeling, in consequence all action have to be humanism.
- Intensive care : ventilation support such tracheostomy,controlled exhalation continuously, sonde of stomach, measurement of pH andpCO2 if needed, and circulation support, control of spastic.
- Procedure of CPR
- Basically, cardiopulmonary resuscitation consist of two element : compressionof chest and artificial respiration ( mouth-to-mouth ). Procedure ofcardiopulmonary resuscitation can be done with chest compression 30 times and 2times artificial respiration. But before helping victim, better assess environmental situation beforeh and :
Is victim in one's
sober senses ?
- Is victim visible is unconscious ? clap or shake down victim shoulder and enquire aloud like " what is just good you ?"
- If victim do not responsive, as soon as possible contact to hospital, and immediately can be done CPR.
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