Asperger syndrome ( AS ) is a neurobiological
disorder thatis part of a group of conditions called autism spectrum disorders.
Asperger'sDisorder is a milder variant of Autistic Disorder. Both Asperger's
Disorder and Autistic Disorder are in fact subgroups of a larger diagnostic
category is called either Autistic Spectrum Disorders.
The name "Asperger" comes from Hans
Asperger, an Austrian physician who in 1944 described children in his practice
who lacked nonverbal communication skills, demonstrated limited empathy with
their peers,and were physically clumsy.
Many kids are diagnosed after age 3, with most
diagnosed between the ages of 5 and 9. AS is characterized by poor social
interactions, obsessions, odd speech patterns, few facial expressions,
difficulty reading the body language ofothers, they might engage in obsessive
routines and display an unusual sensitivity to sensory stimuli such as :
- they may be bothered by a light that no one elsenotices
- they may cover their ears to block out sounds in the environment
- they might prefer to wear clothing made only of a certainmaterial
- less or cannot application of behaviour be appropriate to people around him
- talking without platitude, often make others surprise and generate to feel do not like
- difficulty read face expression or gesture of opponent speak
- unable to read emotion and understand others mind
- like don't have empathy to others
There is anticipation that asperger syndrome
according to contribution factor of genetic and neurobiologi when in brain
growth phase in pregnancy period .
A few AS cases have been linked to exposure to
teratogens ( agents that causebirth defects ) during the first eight weeks from
conception.
AS treatment takes into account the linguistic
capabilities, verbal strengths,and nonverbal vulnerabilities of individuals
with AS.
A typical program generally includes :
The training of social skills for more
effective interpersonal interactions.
Cognitive behavioral therapy to improve stress
management relating to anxiety or explosive emotions, and to cut back on
obsessive interests and repetitive routines.
Medication, for coexisting conditions such as
major depressive disorder and anxiety disorder.
Occupational or physical therapy to assist with poor
sensory integration and motor coordination.
Social communication intervention, which is
specialized speech therapy to help with the pragmatics of the give and take of
normal conversation.
The training and support of parents, particularly
inbehavioral techniques to use in the home.
Deficits in self-identifying emotions or in
observing effects of one's behavioron others can make it difficult for
individuals with AS to see why medicationmay be appropriate. Medication can be
effective in combination with behavioralinterventions and environmental
accommodations in treating comorbid symptoms such as anxiety disorder, major
depressive disorder, inattention andaggression.
Medications have been shown to reduce the associated
symptoms of AS, such as:
- The atypical neuroleptic medications risperidone can reducerepetitive and self-injurious behaviors, aggressive outbursts and impulsivity,and improve stereotypical patterns of behavior and social relatedness .
- The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs )fluoxetine, fluvoxamine and sertraline have been effective in treating restricted and repetitive interests and behaviors. Side effects of SSRIs can lead to manifestations of behavioral activation such as increased impulsivity,aggression and sleep disturbance.
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