Avian influenza is a contagious disease caused by
influenza virus type Awhich includes sub-type H5, H7 and H9 ( highly virulent
strain issub-type H5N1 ), is transmitted by birds, both birds, ducks, chickens
and some other animals suchas pigs , quails and ostrich. Avian influenza virus
live in digestion tract of poultry, poultry infected can release this virus
through feces then dried and crushed into powder. This powder is inhaled by
humans or other animals. This virus can also be transmitted through saliva of
infected poultry.
The spread of avian influenza can cross the border
states, the source of the virus come from the migration of birds and poultry
transportation with infection by avian influenza virus. Certain areas with
air space during this became sojourn place of bird or a bird traffic at the turn
of the seasons are very susceptible thisdisease.
Avian influenza can be transmitted tohumans through
direct contact with infected poultry, such as touching birds directly, through
transport of poultry, equipments livestock and live stock feed. Transmission can
also occur through clothing, including shoes of breeders, as well as at the time
of purchase and sale activity of poultry in the markets. More infectious avian
influenza from poultry to humans than human to another human being, unless the
avian influenza virus experiencing of mutate and mix with human flu virus.
The symptoms of avian influenza in poultry varies
greatly depending on the ferocity of the virus, the environment and the
situation of poultry. The initial symptoms can include reproductive disorders is
egg production decrease and many poultry die suddenly without any obvious
symptoms. Symptoms are often found as a blue crest, the head and swelling around
the eyes, fever, diarrhea, appetite decrease,breathing problems ( coughing,
sneezing ).
The symptoms of bird flu in humans similar to other
common flu, only tend to be more frequent and quickly become severe. Symptoms
such as fever, cough, sore throat, headache, sore muscles andjoints, until the
infection in the lining of the eye. If things get worse can happen to severe
respiratory distress characterized by a great shortness of breath and lung
infection leading to pneumonia.
Prevention efforts against avianinfluenza, including
:
- Increasing healthy lifestyle.
- Keeping the immune system.
- Nutritionally balanced diet on a regular basis.
- Do not buy poultry meat imports from places affected by outbreaks of suspected bird flu.
- Processing of poultry in the right way, choose healthy poultry and cooking poultry until the temperature of 80 ° C for 1 minute, and cooking poultry eggs with a temperature of 64 ° C for 5 minutes.Counter measures against the best avian influenza currently is destruction of poultry infected by avian influenza, feces of poultry infected should be buried or burned in order not to be a source of disease transmission, and providing vaccinations for poultry that has not been infected.
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