Haemonchosis is a disease that often attack
livestock and be caused worm of Nematode from genus Haemonchus.
Haemonchosis which attacking small livestock
like sheep and goat is species of Haemonchus contortus and Haemonchus similis,
while at cow be caused Haemonchus placei. Habitat this worm at abomasums and
usually near by pylorus and can be found at duodenum. According to form and
habitat, Haemonchus often be referred as a Stomach worm, Barber pole worm ,
Twisted wire worm, and contortus because female worm appear red - white with
pattern of interlude alongside body.
Spreading this disease occur directly through contamination of grass by larva infective stadium III. If larva infective come into body of goat or sheep will predilection in digestion tract then release of sheath and migration to abomasums. Larva infective will experience of growth become larva stadium IV at abomasum two day after infection, hereinafter larva reside in lamina propria mucous membrane at abomasum. Larva stadium IV have had the character of parasitic because begin to suck blood.
Haemonchosis acute especially at kid, sheep child or young goat as a animal most sensitive if getting infection suddenly, hence will happened anemia quickly and animal will die without appear another symptom besides hidraemia. Anaemia at chronic case also as a main symptom and seen a edematous so-called bottle jaw or watery poke, with edematous usually appear at ventral side of abdomen. Animal become quickly weak and stagger, but do not show happened emasiasi because body fat be changed with gelatins tissue.
At post mortem, membrane of mucosa and skin appear pale, blood appear hidraemis. Viscera organ also appear pale, hydrothorax, ascites and hydropericardium. Kakeksia and fat replacement with gelatine tissue, liver appear brittle. Abomasums contain food tan liquid, oftentimes also there are worm of Haemonchus sp and sand. Edematous at mucosa of abomasums appear red stain because secondhand of worm bite.
Prevention of haemonchosis can be done by as follows :
Spreading this disease occur directly through contamination of grass by larva infective stadium III. If larva infective come into body of goat or sheep will predilection in digestion tract then release of sheath and migration to abomasums. Larva infective will experience of growth become larva stadium IV at abomasum two day after infection, hereinafter larva reside in lamina propria mucous membrane at abomasum. Larva stadium IV have had the character of parasitic because begin to suck blood.
Haemonchosis acute especially at kid, sheep child or young goat as a animal most sensitive if getting infection suddenly, hence will happened anemia quickly and animal will die without appear another symptom besides hidraemia. Anaemia at chronic case also as a main symptom and seen a edematous so-called bottle jaw or watery poke, with edematous usually appear at ventral side of abdomen. Animal become quickly weak and stagger, but do not show happened emasiasi because body fat be changed with gelatins tissue.
At post mortem, membrane of mucosa and skin appear pale, blood appear hidraemis. Viscera organ also appear pale, hydrothorax, ascites and hydropericardium. Kakeksia and fat replacement with gelatine tissue, liver appear brittle. Abomasums contain food tan liquid, oftentimes also there are worm of Haemonchus sp and sand. Edematous at mucosa of abomasums appear red stain because secondhand of worm bite.
Prevention of haemonchosis can be done by as follows :
- Livestock vaccination especially sheep and goat.
- Livestock without herded, or with grassland gyration method.
- Use of anthelmintika such as phenothiazine at grassland for decrease of population Haemonchus .
- Treatment periodical at the rains because fluctuation of amount of egg Nematode will increase at feces and fluctuation of egg worm highest at the rains.
- Treatment preventive with salt contain 10 % phenothiazine at pregnant livestock and new child born.
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