Heart failure is a progressive disorder in which
damage to the heart causes weakening of the cardiovascular system.
It manifests by fluid congestion or inadequate blood flow to
tissues. Heart failure progresses by underlying heart injury or inappropriate
responses of the body to heart impairment.
Heart failure may result from one or the sum of many causes. It is
a progressive disorder that must be managed in regard to not only the state of
the heart, but the condition of the circulation, lungs, neuroendocrine system
and other organs as well. Furthermore, when other conditions are present ( e.g.
kidney impairment, hypertension, vascular disease, or diabetes ) it can be more
of a problem.Heart Failure Classifications based on their location and mechanism, including :
1. Right Heart Failure
The inability of the right side of the heart to adequately pump venous blood into the pulmonary circulation. This causes a back-up of fluid in the body, resulting in swelling and edema.
2. Left Heart Failure
The inability of the left side of the heart to pump into the systemic circulation. Back-up behind the left ventricle causes accumulation of fluid in the lungs.
As a result of those failures, symptoms can be due to :
1. Forward Heart Failure
The inability of the heart to pump blood at a sufficient rate to meet the oxygen demands of the body at rest or at exercise.
2. Backward Heart Failure
The ability of the heart to pump blood at a sufficient rate only when heart filling pressures are abnormally high.
3. Congestive Heart Failure
Fluid in the lungs or body, resulting from inadequate pumping from the heart and high heart filling and venous pressures.
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